Gamma-ray Burst 100728A

(All information courtesy of the instrument teams.)

Previous IAU Circulars

none

Results of Observations

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:17:47 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Flight Position
RECORD_NUM:      47
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           77.067d {+05h 08m 16s} (J2000),
                  77.187d {+05h 08m 45s} (current),
                  76.495d {+05h 05m 59s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -14.333d {-14d 19' 59"} (J2000),
                 -14.320d {-14d 19' 12"} (current),
                 -14.397d {-14d 23' 48"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       35.13 [deg radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       62 [cnts/sec]
DATA_SIGNIF:     4.70 [sigma]
INTEG_TIME:      2.048 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          46.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        60.00 [deg]
DATA_TIME_SCALE: 2.0480 [sec]
HARD_RATIO:      0.41
LOC_ALGORITHM:   3 (version number of)
MOST_LIKELY:      84%  GRB
2nd_MOST_LIKELY:   9%  Distant Particles
DETECTORS:       0,1,0, 0,0,1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,
SUN_POSTN:       127.27d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         59.53 [deg]   Sun_angle= 3.3 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 18s}   -8.93d {-08d 55' 37"}
MOON_DIST:       105.96 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      214.78,-29.21 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       74.23,-37.07 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Flight-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 72.48,-25.02 [deg].

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:17:55 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Flight Position
RECORD_NUM:      57
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           97.650d {+06h 30m 36s} (J2000),
                  97.769d {+06h 31m 04s} (current),
                  97.089d {+06h 28m 21s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -16.150d {-16d 08' 59"} (J2000),
                 -16.158d {-16d 09' 27"} (current),
                 -16.114d {-16d 06' 50"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       21.08 [deg radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       103 [cnts/sec]
DATA_SIGNIF:     8.70 [sigma]
INTEG_TIME:      4.096 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          23.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        60.00 [deg]
DATA_TIME_SCALE: 4.0960 [sec]
HARD_RATIO:      0.17
LOC_ALGORITHM:   3 (version number of)
MOST_LIKELY:      95%  GRB
2nd_MOST_LIKELY:   2%  Distant Particles
DETECTORS:       0,1,0, 0,0,1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,
SUN_POSTN:       127.27d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         45.62 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.0 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 18s}   -8.93d {-08d 55' 35"}
MOON_DIST:       124.25 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      225.19,-11.80 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       99.52,-39.34 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Flight-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 72.48,-25.02 [deg].

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:18:06 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Flight Position
RECORD_NUM:      68
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           97.917d {+06h 31m 40s} (J2000),
                  98.036d {+06h 32m 09s} (current),
                  97.354d {+06h 29m 25s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.767d {-15d 45' 59"} (J2000),
                 -15.775d {-15d 46' 28"} (current),
                 -15.730d {-15d 43' 46"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       12.58 [deg radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       225 [cnts/sec]
DATA_SIGNIF:     12.80 [sigma]
INTEG_TIME:      2.048 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          23.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        60.00 [deg]
DATA_TIME_SCALE: 2.0480 [sec]
HARD_RATIO:      0.38
LOC_ALGORITHM:   3 (version number of)
MOST_LIKELY:      93%  GRB
2nd_MOST_LIKELY:   3%  Generic Transient
DETECTORS:       0,1,0, 0,0,1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         45.16 [deg]   Sun_angle= 1.9 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 19s}   -8.93d {-08d 55' 33"}
MOON_DIST:       124.64 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      224.94,-11.40 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       99.81,-38.94 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Flight-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 72.48,-25.02 [deg].

GCN/BACODINE POSITION NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:18:42 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-BAT GRB Position
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
GRB_RA:           88.743d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000),
                  88.863d {+05h 55m 27s} (current),
                  88.179d {+05h 52m 43s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.262d {-15d 15' 42"} (J2000),
                 -15.261d {-15d 15' 38"} (current),
                 -15.269d {-15d 16' 09"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       3.00 [arcmin radius, statistical only]
GRB_INTEN:       9399 [cnts]    Image_Peak=756 [image_cnts]
TRIGGER_DUR:     1.024 [sec] 
TRIGGER_INDEX:   146     E_range: 25-100 keV
BKG_INTEN:       43660 [cnts]
BKG_TIME:        8289.97 SOD {02:18:09.97} UT
BKG_DUR:         8 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8304.24 SOD {02:18:24.24} UT
GRB_PHI:         -177.03 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        29.40 [deg]
SOLN_STATUS:     0x3
RATE_SIGNIF:     47.62 [sigma]
IMAGE_SIGNIF:    18.80 [sigma]
MERIT_PARAMS:     +1  +0  +0  +0  +2  +6  +0  +0 -62  +0 
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 20s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 26"}
MOON_DIST:       116.54 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.23 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       88.45,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-BAT GRB Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This is a rate trigger.  
COMMENTS:        A point_source was found.  
COMMENTS:        This does not match any source in the on-board catalog.  
COMMENTS:        This does not match any source in the ground catalog.  
COMMENTS:        This is a GRB.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 91.41,13.50 [deg].

red DSS finding chart ps-file

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:18:44 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Flight Position
RECORD_NUM:      90
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           87.900d {+05h 51m 36s} (J2000),
                  88.021d {+05h 52m 05s} (current),
                  87.328d {+05h 49m 19s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -13.817d {-13d 48' 59"} (J2000),
                 -13.815d {-13d 48' 51"} (current),
                 -13.828d {-13d 49' 40"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       10.75 [deg radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       219 [cnts/sec]
DATA_SIGNIF:     18.50 [sigma]
INTEG_TIME:      4.096 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          35.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        60.00 [deg]
DATA_TIME_SCALE: 4.0960 [sec]
HARD_RATIO:      0.50
LOC_ALGORITHM:   3 (version number of)
MOST_LIKELY:      94%  GRB
2nd_MOST_LIKELY:   4%  Generic Transient
DETECTORS:       0,1,0, 0,0,1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         50.73 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 20s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 26"}
MOON_DIST:       116.21 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      218.91,-19.39 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       87.44,-37.24 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Flight-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 72.48,-25.02 [deg].

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:18:49 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Flight Position
RECORD_NUM:      93
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           78.100d {+05h 12m 24s} (J2000),
                  78.211d {+05h 12m 51s} (current),
                  77.577d {+05h 10m 19s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -23.383d {-23d 22' 59"} (J2000),
                 -23.371d {-23d 22' 15"} (current),
                 -23.442d {-23d 26' 30"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       8.63 [deg radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       300 [cnts/sec]
DATA_SIGNIF:     29.70 [sigma]
INTEG_TIME:      4.096 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          46.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        50.00 [deg]
DATA_TIME_SCALE: 4.0960 [sec]
HARD_RATIO:      0.52
LOC_ALGORITHM:   3 (version number of)
MOST_LIKELY:      95%  GRB
2nd_MOST_LIKELY:   4%  Generic Transient
DETECTORS:       0,1,0, 0,0,1, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         63.95 [deg]   Sun_angle= 3.3 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 20s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 25"}
MOON_DIST:       104.51 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      224.98,-31.54 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       74.14,-46.17 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Flight-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 72.48,-25.02 [deg].

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:19:03 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Ground Position
RECORD_NUM:      95
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           83.690d {+05h 34m 46s} (J2000),
                  83.815d {+05h 35m 16s} (current),
                  83.101d {+05h 32m 24s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -10.470d {-10d 28' 11"} (J2000),
                 -10.464d {-10d 27' 48"} (current),
                 -10.502d {-10d 30' 06"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       2.11 [deg radius, statistical only]
DATA_SIGNIF:     39.00 [sigma]
DATA_INTERVAL:   4.096 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          40.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        63.00 [deg]
E_RANGE:         44.032 - 279.965 [keV]
LOC_ALGORITHM:   413 (Gnd S/W Version number)
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 57"}
SUN_DIST:         52.01 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.9 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 20s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 22"}
MOON_DIST:       113.18 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      213.83,-21.73 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       82.53,-33.75 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Ground-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This Notice was ground-generated -- not flight-generated.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/FERMI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:18:57 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Fermi-GBM Ground Position
RECORD_NUM:      92
TRIGGER_NUM:     301976252
GRB_RA:           86.200d {+05h 44m 48s} (J2000),
                  86.321d {+05h 45m 17s} (current),
                  85.627d {+05h 42m 30s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -13.630d {-13d 37' 47"} (J2000),
                 -13.626d {-13d 37' 33"} (current),
                 -13.650d {-13d 38' 58"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       2.39 [deg radius, statistical only]
DATA_SIGNIF:     29.40 [sigma]
DATA_INTERVAL:   4.096 [sec]
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8250.61 SOD {02:17:30.61} UT
GRB_PHI:          37.00 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        60.00 [deg]
E_RANGE:         44.032 - 279.965 [keV]
LOC_ALGORITHM:   413 (Gnd S/W Version number)
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 58"}
SUN_DIST:         51.90 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.7 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.08d {+21h 52m 20s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 23"}
MOON_DIST:       114.69 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      218.01,-20.82 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       85.37,-37.01 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        Fermi-GBM Ground-calculated Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This Notice was ground-generated -- not flight-generated.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:20:09 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-XRT Position
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
GRB_RA:           88.7610d {+05h 55m 02.63s} (J2000),
                  88.8804d {+05h 55m 31.29s} (current),
                  88.1964d {+05h 52m 47.13s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.2561d {-15d 15' 21.9"} (J2000),
                 -15.2549d {-15d 15' 17.5"} (current),
                 -15.2635d {-15d 15' 48.5"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       5.8 [arcsec radius, statistical plus systematic, 90% containment]
GRB_INTEN:       2.01e-08 [erg/cm2/sec]
GRB_SIGNIF:      5.47 [sigma]
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8380.96 SOD {02:19:40.96} UT,   76.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
TAM[0-3]:        327.62 237.20 261.41 243.46
AMPLIFIER:       2
WAVEFORM:        134
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 57"}
SUN_DIST:         51.02 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.09d {+21h 52m 22s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 09"}
MOON_DIST:       116.55 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.22 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst
ECL_COORDS:       88.47,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-XRT Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        The XRT position is 1.07 arcmin from the BAT position.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:20:25 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-XRT Processed Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
GRB_RA:           88.7610d {+05h 55m 02.6s} (J2000),
                  88.8804d {+05h 55m 31.2s} (current),
                  88.1964d {+05h 52m 47.1s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.2561d {-15d 15' 21.9"} (J2000),
                 -15.2549d {-15d 15' 17.5"} (current),
                 -15.2635d {-15d 15' 48.5"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       5.8 [arcsec, radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       30 [cnts]
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8380.96 SOD {02:19:40.96} UT,   76.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
CENTROID_X:      277.11,  raw= 277  [pixels]
CENTROID_Y:      279.75,  raw= 280  [pixels]
ROLL:            49.18 [deg]
GAIN:            1
MODE:            2, Short Image mode
WAVEFORM:        134
EXPO_TIME:       0.10 [sec]
GRB_POS_XRT_Y:   -43.00
GRB_POS_XRT_Z:   -59.37
IMAGE_URL:       sw00430151000msxps_rw.img
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 57"}
SUN_DIST:         51.02 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.10d {+21h 52m 23s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 06"}
MOON_DIST:       116.55 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.22 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst
ECL_COORDS:       88.47,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-XRT Processed Image.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:20:18 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-XRT Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
GRB_RA:           88.7610d {+05h 55m 02.6s} (J2000),
                  88.8804d {+05h 55m 31.2s} (current),
                  88.1964d {+05h 52m 47.1s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.2561d {-15d 15' 21.9"} (J2000),
                 -15.2549d {-15d 15' 17.5"} (current),
                 -15.2635d {-15d 15' 48.5"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       5.8 [arcsec, radius, statistical plus systematic]
GRB_INTEN:       30 [cnts]
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8380.96 SOD {02:19:40.96} UT,   76.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
CENTROID_X:      277.11,  raw= 277  [pixels]
CENTROID_Y:      279.75,  raw= 280  [pixels]
ROLL:            49.18 [deg]
GAIN:            1
MODE:            2, Short Image mode
WAVEFORM:        134
EXPO_TIME:       0.10 [sec]
GRB_POS_XRT_Y:   -43.00
GRB_POS_XRT_Z:   -59.37
IMAGE_URL:       sw00430151000msxps_rw.img
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 06s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 57"}
SUN_DIST:         51.02 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.09d {+21h 52m 23s}   -8.92d {-08d 55' 07"}
MOON_DIST:       116.55 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.22 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst
ECL_COORDS:       88.47,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-XRT Image.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:22:21 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-BAT GRB Lightcurve
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
GRB_RA:           88.743d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000),
                  88.863d {+05h 55m 27s} (current),
                  88.179d {+05h 52m 43s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.262d {-15d 15' 42"} (J2000),
                 -15.261d {-15d 15' 38"} (current),
                 -15.269d {-15d 16' 09"} (1950)
GRB_DATE:        15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
GRB_TIME:        8304.24 SOD {02:18:24.24} UT
TRIGGER_INDEX:   146
GRB_PHI:         -177.03 [deg]
GRB_THETA:        29.40 [deg]
DELTA_TIME:      12.00 [sec]
TRIGGER_DUR:     1.024 [sec] 
SOLN_STATUS:     0x3
RATE_SIGNIF:     47.62 [sigma]
IMAGE_SIGNIF:    18.80 [sigma]
LC_URL:          sw00430151000msb.lc
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 07s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 56"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.11d {+21h 52m 26s}   -8.91d {-08d 54' 43"}
MOON_DIST:       116.52 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.23 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:       88.45,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-BAT GRB Lightcurve.  
COMMENTS:           
COMMENTS:        The next comments were copied from the BAT_POS Notice:  
COMMENTS:        This is a rate trigger.  
COMMENTS:        A point_source was found.  
COMMENTS:        This does not match any source in the on-board catalog.  
COMMENTS:        This does not match any source in the ground catalog.  
COMMENTS:        This is a GRB.  
COMMENTS:        This trigger occurred at longitude,latitude = 91.41,13.50 [deg].

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:22:52 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.738d {+05h 54m 57s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.256d {-15d 15' 20"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.178d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8390.67 SOD {02:19:50.67} UT,   86.4 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
BKG_MEAN:        3.773
N_STARS:         110
X_OFFSET:        496 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        584 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1455 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1543 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      16
PHOTO_THRESH:    9
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0086.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 07s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 55"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.11d {+21h 52m 27s}   -8.91d {-08d 54' 37"}
MOON_DIST:       116.52 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.65,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Source List.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:22:52 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.738d {+05h 54m 57s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.256d {-15d 15' 20"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.178d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8390.67 SOD {02:19:50.67} UT,   86.4 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
BKG_MEAN:        3.773
N_STARS:         110
X_OFFSET:        496 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        584 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1455 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1543 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      16
PHOTO_THRESH:    9
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0086.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 07s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 55"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.11d {+21h 52m 27s}   -8.91d {-08d 54' 37"}
MOON_DIST:       116.52 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.65,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Source List.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:23:13 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Processed Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.738d {+05h 54m 57s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.256d {-15d 15' 20"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.178d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8390.67 SOD {02:19:50.67} UT,   86.4 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
BKG_MEAN:        3.773
N_STARS:         110
X_OFFSET:        496 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        584 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1455 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1543 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      16
PHOTO_THRESH:    9
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0086.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 07s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 55"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.12d {+21h 52m 28s}   -8.91d {-08d 54' 33"}
MOON_DIST:       116.52 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.65,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Processed Source List.  
COMMENTS:        All 4 attachments are included.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:24:42 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.738d {+05h 54m 57s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.256d {-15d 15' 20"} (J2000)
ROLL:            49.178d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8390.67 SOD {02:19:50.67} UT,   86.4 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
EXPOSURE_ID:     301976396
X_OFFSET:        942 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        893 [pixels]
WIDTH:           160 [pixels]
HEIGHT:          160 [pixels]
X_GRB_POS:       1102
Y_GRB_POS:       1053
BINNING_INDEX:   1
IM_URL:          sw00430151000msuni0093.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 07s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 54"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.13d {+21h 52m 31s}   -8.90d {-08d 54' 15"}
MOON_DIST:       116.51 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.65,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Image.  
COMMENTS:        The GRB Position came from the XRT Position Command.  
COMMENTS:        The image has 2x2 binning (compression).

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:24:56 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Processed Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.738d {+05h 54m 57s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.256d {-15d 15' 20"} (J2000)
ROLL:            49.178d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8390.67 SOD {02:19:50.67} UT,   86.4 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
EXPOSURE_ID:     301976396
X_OFFSET:        942 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        893 [pixels]
WIDTH:           160 [pixels]
HEIGHT:          160 [pixels]
X_GRB_POS:       1102
Y_GRB_POS:       1053
BINNING_INDEX:   1
IM_URL:          sw00430151000msuni0093.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 07s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 54"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.13d {+21h 52m 31s}   -8.90d {-08d 54' 12"}
MOON_DIST:       116.51 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.65,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Processed Image.  
COMMENTS:        The GRB Position came from the XRT Position Command.  
COMMENTS:        The image has 2x2 binning (compression).  
COMMENTS:        All 4 attachments are included.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:29:45 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 28"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.176d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8602.93 SOD {02:23:22.93} UT,   298.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          7, U
BKG_MEAN:        1.086
N_STARS:         94
X_OFFSET:        622 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        573 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1581 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1532 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      9
PHOTO_THRESH:    4
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0298.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 08s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 51"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.17d {+21h 52m 40s}   -8.89d {-08d 53' 16"}
MOON_DIST:       116.48 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Source List.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:29:45 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 28"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.176d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8602.93 SOD {02:23:22.93} UT,   298.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          7, U
BKG_MEAN:        1.086
N_STARS:         94
X_OFFSET:        622 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        573 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1581 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1532 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      9
PHOTO_THRESH:    4
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0298.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 08s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 51"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.17d {+21h 52m 40s}   -8.89d {-08d 53' 16"}
MOON_DIST:       116.48 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Source List.

GCN Circular #11004
J. K. Cannizzo (NASA/UMBC), W. H. Baumgartner (GSFC/UMBC), P. A. Evans (U Leicester), J. M. Gelbord (PSU), S. T. Holland (CRESST/USRA/GSFC), H. A. Krimm (CRESST/GSFC/USRA), O. M. Littlejohns (U Leicester), C. B. Markwardt (CRESST/GSFC/UMD), F. E. Marshall (NASA/GSFC), C. Pagani (U Leicester), K. L. Page (U Leicester), D. M. Palmer (LANL), A. Rowlinson (U Leicester), M. H. Siegel (PSU), M. Stamatikos (OSU/NASA/GSFC) and R. L. C. Starling (U Leicester) report on behalf of the Swift Team:
At 02:18:24 UT, the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) triggered and located GRB 100728A (trigger=430151). Swift slewed immediately to the burst. The BAT on-board calculated location is RA, Dec 88.743, -15.262 which is
```
   RA(J2000) = 05h 54m 58s
   Dec(J2000) = -15d 15' 42"
```
with an uncertainty of 3 arcmin (radius, 90% containment, including systematic uncertainty). The BAT light curve showed a multi-peaked structure with a duration of at least 200 sec, although the burst was already in progress when the spacecraft slewed to the original position. The peak count rate was ~11,000 counts/sec (15-350 keV), at ~25 sec after the trigger.
The XRT began observing the field at 02:19:41.0 UT, 76.7 seconds after the BAT trigger. XRT found a bright, uncatalogued X-ray source located at RA, Dec 88.7610, -15.2561 which is equivalent to:
```
   RA(J2000)  = 05h 55m 02.63s
   Dec(J2000) = -15d 15' 21.9"
```
with an uncertainty of 5.8 arcseconds (radius, 90% containment). This location is 64 arcseconds from the BAT onboard position, within the BAT error circle. No event data are yet available to determine the column density using X-ray spectroscopy.
The initial flux in the 0.1 s image was 2.01e-08 erg cm-2 s-1 (0.2-10 keV).
UVOT took a finding chart exposure of 150 seconds with the White filter starting 86 seconds after the BAT trigger. No credible afterglow candidate has been found in the initial data products. The 2.7'x2.7' sub-image covers 100% of the XRT error circle. The typical 3-sigma upper limit has been about 19.6 mag. The 8'x8' region for the list of sources generated on-board covers 100% of the XRT error circle. The list of sources is typically complete to about 18 mag. No correction has been made for the expected extinction corresponding to E(B-V) of 0.18.
Burst Advocate for this burst is J. K. Cannizzo (cannizzo AT milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov). Please contact the BA by email if you require additional information regarding Swift followup of this burst. In extremely urgent cases, after trying the Burst Advocate, you can contact the Swift PI by phone (see Swift TOO web site for information: http://www.swift.psu.edu/too.html.)

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:30:00 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Processed Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 28"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.176d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8602.93 SOD {02:23:22.93} UT,   298.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          7, U
BKG_MEAN:        1.086
N_STARS:         94
X_OFFSET:        622 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        573 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1581 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1532 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      9
PHOTO_THRESH:    4
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0298.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 08s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 51"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.17d {+21h 52m 41s}   -8.89d {-08d 53' 13"}
MOON_DIST:       116.48 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Processed Source List.  
COMMENTS:        All 4 attachments are included.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:31:06 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 28"} (J2000)
ROLL:            49.176d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8602.93 SOD {02:23:22.93} UT,   298.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          7, U
EXPOSURE_ID:     301976608
X_OFFSET:        942 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        893 [pixels]
WIDTH:           160 [pixels]
HEIGHT:          160 [pixels]
X_GRB_POS:       1102
Y_GRB_POS:       1053
BINNING_INDEX:   1
IM_URL:          sw00430151000msuni0305.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 08s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 51"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.18d {+21h 52m 43s}   -8.88d {-08d 53' 00"}
MOON_DIST:       116.47 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Image.  
COMMENTS:        The GRB Position came from the XRT Position Command.  
COMMENTS:        The image has 2x2 binning (compression).

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:31:17 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Processed Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 28"} (J2000)
ROLL:            49.176d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  8602.93 SOD {02:23:22.93} UT,   298.7 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          7, U
EXPOSURE_ID:     301976608
X_OFFSET:        942 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        893 [pixels]
WIDTH:           160 [pixels]
HEIGHT:          160 [pixels]
X_GRB_POS:       1102
Y_GRB_POS:       1053
BINNING_INDEX:   1
IM_URL:          sw00430151000msuni0305.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.28d {+08h 29m 08s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 50"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.18d {+21h 52m 43s}   -8.88d {-08d 52' 57"}
MOON_DIST:       116.47 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Processed Image.  
COMMENTS:        The GRB Position came from the XRT Position Command.  
COMMENTS:        The image has 2x2 binning (compression).  
COMMENTS:        All 4 attachments are included.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:35:58 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 29"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.175d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  9180.17 SOD {02:33:00.17} UT,   875.9 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
BKG_MEAN:        4.439
N_STARS:         190
X_OFFSET:        382 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        333 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1821 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1772 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      18
PHOTO_THRESH:    10
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0875.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.29d {+08h 29m 09s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 48"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.21d {+21h 52m 52s}   -8.87d {-08d 52' 02"}
MOON_DIST:       116.44 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Source List.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:35:58 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 29"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.175d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  9180.17 SOD {02:33:00.17} UT,   875.9 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
BKG_MEAN:        4.439
N_STARS:         190
X_OFFSET:        382 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        333 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1821 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1772 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      18
PHOTO_THRESH:    10
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0875.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.29d {+08h 29m 09s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 48"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.21d {+21h 52m 52s}   -8.87d {-08d 52' 02"}
MOON_DIST:       116.44 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Source List.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:36:16 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Processed Source List
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 29"} (J2000)
POINT_ROLL:      49.175d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  9180.17 SOD {02:33:00.17} UT,   875.9 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
BKG_MEAN:        4.439
N_STARS:         190
X_OFFSET:        382 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        333 [pixels]
X_MAX:           1821 [pixels]
Y_MAX:           1772 [pixels]
DET_THRESH:      18
PHOTO_THRESH:    10
SL_URL:          sw00430151000msufc0875.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.29d {+08h 29m 09s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 48"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.22d {+21h 52m 52s}   -8.87d {-08d 51' 59"}
MOON_DIST:       116.44 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Processed Source List.  
COMMENTS:        All 4 attachments are included.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:37:27 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 29"} (J2000)
ROLL:            49.175d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  9180.17 SOD {02:33:00.17} UT,   875.9 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
EXPOSURE_ID:     301977186
X_OFFSET:        941 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        892 [pixels]
WIDTH:           160 [pixels]
HEIGHT:          160 [pixels]
X_GRB_POS:       1101
Y_GRB_POS:       1052
BINNING_INDEX:   1
IM_URL:          sw00430151000msuni0882.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.29d {+08h 29m 09s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 47"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.23d {+21h 52m 54s}   -8.86d {-08d 51' 45"}
MOON_DIST:       116.43 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Image.  
COMMENTS:        The GRB Position came from the Window Position in the Mode Command.  
COMMENTS:        The image has 2x2 binning (compression).

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 02:37:44 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-UVOT Processed Image
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
POINT_RA:         88.740d {+05h 54m 58s} (J2000)
POINT_DEC:       -15.258d {-15d 15' 29"} (J2000)
ROLL:            49.175d
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  9180.17 SOD {02:33:00.17} UT,   875.9 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
FILTER:          10, White
EXPOSURE_ID:     301977186
X_OFFSET:        941 [pixels]
Y_OFFSET:        892 [pixels]
WIDTH:           160 [pixels]
HEIGHT:          160 [pixels]
X_GRB_POS:       1101
Y_GRB_POS:       1052
BINNING_INDEX:   1
IM_URL:          sw00430151000msuni0882.fits
SUN_POSTN:       127.29d {+08h 29m 09s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 47"}
SUN_DIST:         51.05 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.23d {+21h 52m 55s}   -8.86d {-08d 51' 41"}
MOON_DIST:       116.43 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.24 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the pointing direction
ECL_COORDS:       88.44,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the pointing direction
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-UVOT Processed Image.  
COMMENTS:        The GRB Position came from the Window Position in the Mode Command.  
COMMENTS:        The image has 2x2 binning (compression).  
COMMENTS:        All 4 attachments are included.

GCN NOTICE

TITLE:           GCN/SWIFT NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Wed 28 Jul 10 03:01:49 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     Swift-XRT Position UPDATE
TRIGGER_NUM:     430151,   Seg_Num: 0
GRB_RA:           88.7589d {+05h 55m 02.13s} (J2000),
                  88.8783d {+05h 55m 30.78s} (current),
                  88.1943d {+05h 52m 46.63s} (1950)
GRB_DEC:         -15.2554d {-15d 15' 19.4"} (J2000),
                 -15.2542d {-15d 15' 15.0"} (current),
                 -15.2628d {-15d 15' 46.0"} (1950)
GRB_ERROR:       3.6 [arcsec radius, statistical plus systematic, 90% containment]
GRB_INTEN:       1.00e-10 [erg/cm2/sec]
GRB_SIGNIF:      10.00 [sigma]
IMG_START_DATE:  15405 TJD;   209 DOY;   10/07/28
IMG_START_TIME:  9641.00 SOD {02:40:41.00} UT,   1336.8 [sec] since BAT Trigger Time
TAM[0-3]:        100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
AMPLIFIER:       1
WAVEFORM:        31
SUN_POSTN:       127.30d {+08h 29m 13s}  +19.03d {+19d 01' 33"}
SUN_DIST:         51.04 [deg]   Sun_angle= 2.6 [hr] (West of Sun)
MOON_POSTN:      328.41d {+21h 53m 39s}   -8.78d {-08d 46' 57"}
MOON_DIST:       116.31 [deg]
MOON_ILLUM:      96 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      220.66,-19.22 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst
ECL_COORDS:       88.47,-38.69 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst
COMMENTS:        SWIFT-XRT Coordinates.  
COMMENTS:        This Notice was ground-generated -- not flight-generated.  
COMMENTS:        This is an Update Notice -- the RA,Dec values herein supersede the previous XRT_POS Notice.  
COMMENTS:        TAM values, flux and significance fields are not valid.  
COMMENTS:        This position was automatically generated on the ground using  
COMMENTS:        Photon Counting data telemetered via TDRSS (SPER data).  
COMMENTS:        See http://www.swift.ac.uk/sper/docs.php for details.  
COMMENTS:        The probability that this is a serendipitous source in the  
COMMENTS:        SPER window is 0.58% < P(seren) < 1.1%.

GCN Circular #11005
A.P. Beardmore, P.A. Evans, M.R. Goad and J.P. Osborne (U. Leicester) report on behalf of the Swift-XRT team.
Using 5085 s of XRT Photon Counting mode data and 8 UVOT images for GRB 100728A, we find an astrometrically corrected X-ray position (using the XRT-UVOT alignment and matching UVOT field sources to the USNO-B1 catalogue): RA, Dec = 88.75839, -15.25531 which is equivalent to:
```
RA (J2000): 05h 55m 2.01s
Dec (J2000): -15d 15' 19.1"
```
with an uncertainty of 1.4 arcsec (radius, 90% confidence).
This position may be improved as more data are received. The latest position can be viewed at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_positions. Position enhancement is described by Goad et al. (2007, A&A, 476, 1401) and Evans et al. (2009, MNRAS, 397, 1177).
This circular was automatically generated, and is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
GCN Circular #11006
A. von Kienlin (MPE) reports on behalf of the Fermi GBM Team:
"At 02:17:30.61 UT on 28 July 2010, the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor triggered and located GRB 100728A (trigger 301976252 / 100728095), which was also detected by the Swift-BAT (Cannizzo et al. 2008, GCN 11004)
The GBM on-ground location is consistent with the Swift position.
The angle from the Fermi LAT boresight is 58.6 degrees.
The GBM light curve shows a multi-peaked structure with a duration (T90) of about 162.9 +/- 0.9 s (50 - 300 keV). The time-averaged spectrum from T0-8.192 s to T0+191.491 s is well fit by a power law function with an exponential high energy cutoff. The power law index is -0.76 +/- 0.01 and the cutoff energy, parameterized as Epeak, is 353.7 +/- 6.7 keV (Castor C-STAT 3540 for 727 d.o.f.) .
The event fluence (8-1000 keV) in this time interval is (1.291 +/- 0.008)E-04 erg/cm^2. The 1.024-sec peak photon flux measured starting from T0+80.2 s in the 8-1000 keV band is 10.8 +/- 0.2 ph/s/cm^2.
A Band function fits the spectrum equally well (Castor C-STAT 3537 for 726 d.o.f.) with Epeak= 344.3 +9.1/-7.9 keV, alpha = -0.75 +/- 0.01 and beta = -3.04 +0.23/-0.57.
The spectral analysis results presented above are preliminary; final results will be published in the GBM GRB Catalog."
GCN Circular #11014
P. A. Evans (U. Leicester) and J. K. Cannizzo (NASA/UMBC) report on behalf of the Swift-XRT team:
We have analysed 10 ks of XRT data for GRB 100728A (Cannizzo et al. GCN Circ. 11004), from 66 s to 23.4 ks after the BAT trigger. The data comprise 1.3 ks in Windowed Timing (WT) mode (the first 9 s were taken while Swift was slewing) with the remainder in Photon Counting (PC) mode. The enhanced XRT position for this burst was given by Beardmore et al. (GCN. Circ 11005).
The light curve can be modeled with a broken power-law decay, with a series of flares superimposed during the first kilosecond. The underlying decay begins with a decay index of 1.6 (+/-0.1), breaking at T+410 sec to a decay index of 1.07 (+0.03, -0.04). The decay then breaks again at T+11600 sec to a final decay of 1.82 (+/-0.2). Nine discrete flares can clearly be identified, with peak times of T+ 88, 111, 189, 252, 296, 383, 445, 516, 659 sec. These all occurred while the XRT was in Windowed Timing mode.
A spectrum formed from the WT mode data can be fitted with an absorbed power-law with a photon spectral index of 2.022 (+/-0.022). The best-fitting absorption column is 3.69 (+0.09, -0.08) x 10^21 cm^-2, in excess of the Galactic value of 1.0 x 10^21 cm^-2 (Kalberla et al. 2005). The PC mode spectrum has a photon index of 2.05 (+/-0.09) and a best-fitting absorption column of 3.7 (+/-0.3) x 10^21 cm^-2. The counts to observed (unabsorbed) 0.3-10 keV flux conversion factor deduced from this spectrum is 4.5 x 10^-11 (7.6 x 10^-11) erg cm^-2 count^-1.
If the light curve continues to decay with a power-law decay index of 1.82, the count rate at T+24 hours will be 0.024 count s^-1, corresponding to an observed (unabsorbed) 0.3-10 keV flux of 1.1 x 10^-12 (1.8 x 10^-12) erg cm^-2 s^-1.
The results of the XRT-team automatic analysis are available at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/00430151.
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
GCN Circular #11016
S. R. Oates (MSSL-UCL) and J. K. Cannizzo (NASA/UMBC) report on behalf of the Swift/UVOT team:
The Swift/UVOT began settled observations of the field of GRB 100728A 86s after the BAT trigger (Cannizzo et al., GCN 11004). We do not detect a new source at the enhanced Swift XRT position (Evans et al. GCN 11005).
The preliminary 3-sigma upper limits for the finding chart exposures (FC) and summed images are:
```
Filter   T_start   T_stop   Exp(s)  Mag (3-sigma upper limit)
-------------------------------------------------------------
white (FC)  86      236      147        >20.54
white       578     7432     657        >21.16
u     (FC)  299     548      246        >19.82
u           702     7021     490        >20.04
v           628     11695    1218       >20.06
b           554     7226     510        >20.37
uvw1        677     13337    1228       >20.62
uvm2        1255    12600    1337       >20.69
uvw2        604     7554     447        >20.19
-------------------------------------------------------------
```
The quoted upper limits have not been corrected for the expected Galactic extinction corresponding to a reddening along the line of sight of E_(B-V) = 0.18 mag. All photometry is on the UVOT photometric system described in Poole et al. (2008, MNRAS, 383, 627).
GCN Circular #11018
T. N. Ukwatta (GWU), S. D. Barthelmy (GSFC), W. H. Baumgartner (GSFC/UMBC), J. K. Cannizzo (NASA/UMBC),J. R. Cummings (GSFC/UMBC), E. E. Fenimore (LANL), N. Gehrels (GSFC), H. A. Krimm (GSFC/USRA), C. B. Markwardt (GSFC/UMD), D. M. Palmer (LANL), T. Sakamoto (GSFC/UMBC), G. Sato (ISAS), M. Stamatikos (OSU), J. Tueller (GSFC), (i.e. the Swift-BAT team):
Using the data set from T-130 to T+963 sec from the recent telemetry downlink, we report further analysis of BAT GRB 100728A (trigger #430151) (Cannizzo, et al., GCN Circ. 11004). The BAT ground-calculated position is RA, Dec = 88.753, -15.259 deg which is
```
  RA(J2000)  =  05h 55m 00.7s
  Dec(J2000) = -15d 15' 33.0"
```
with an uncertainty of 1.0 arcmin, (radius, sys+stat, 90% containment). The partial coding was 81%.
The BAT light curve is quite complex with a long series of peaks and flares extending from approximately T-100 sec to T+750 sec. Detected emission began around T-100 sec, rising to a first peak at T-40 sec. The burst continued as a series of at least ten overlapping peaks with the strongest peak centered at T+30 sec. There was a strong set of BAT peaks centered at T+120 sec, corresponding with the second flare detected by the XRT (Evans & Cannizzo, GCN Circ 11014). This was followed by a series of weaker flares out to T+750 sec, at times which appear to correspond to flares detected by the XRT. The burst triggered just after the spacecraft settled following a slew to a pre-planned target, so it is possible that there was some very early emission (before T-120 sec) which was not detected. T90 (15-350 keV) is 198.5 +- 12.7 sec (estimated error including systematics).
The time-averaged spectrum from T-84.3 to T+334.0 sec is best fit by a simple power-law model. The power law index of the time-averaged spectrum is 1.18 +- 0.02. The fluence in the 15-150 keV band is 3.8 +- 0.0 x 10^-5 erg/cm2. The 1-sec peak photon flux measured from T+28.26 sec in the 15-150 keV band is 5.1 +- 0.2 ph/cm^2/sec. All the quoted errors are at the 90% confidence level.
The results of the batgrbproduct analysis are available at http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/notices_s/430151/BA/
GCN Circular #11020
F. Olivares, T. Kruehler, R. Filgas, J. Greiner, M. Nardini (all MPE Garching) and A. Nicuesa (TLS Tautenburg) report on behalf of the GROND team:
We observed the field of GRB 100728A (Swift trigger 430151; Cannizzo et al., GCN #11004; A. von Kienlin, GCN #11006) simultaneously in g'r'i'z'JHK with GROND (Greiner et al. 2008, PASP 120, 405) mounted at the 2.2 m MPI/ESO telescope at La Silla Observatory (Chile).
Observations started at 09:26 UT, 7 hours after the GRB trigger and were terminated at 10:32 UT by the GRB 100728B trigger. They were performed at an average seeing of 1.3" and at an average airmass of 2.5.
We found a single, very faint point source in the H band within the enhanced Swift-XRT error circle reported by Beardmore et al. (GCN #11005) at
```
RA (J2000.0) = 05:55:02.01
DEC (J2000.0) = -15:15:20.4
```
with an uncertainty of 0.5" in each coordinate.
Based on 24 min of total exposures in g'r'i'z' JHK, we estimate preliminary magnitudes and upper limits (all in AB system) of
```
g' > 23.3
r' > 23.9
i' > 23.5
z' > 23.5
J > 22.0
H = 21.2 +- 0.3
K > 20.3
```
Given magnitudes and upper limits are obtained by calibrating the images against GROND zeropoints as well as 2MASS field stars and are not corrected for the expected Galactic foreground extinction corresponding to a reddening of E_(B-V)=0.18 mag in the direction of the burst (Schlegel et al. 1998).
These magnitudes imply very red colors of the afterglow of J-H > 0.8 and r-H > 2.7. Together with the significant excess absorption seen by the XRT (Evans & Cannizzo, GCN 11014), and the lack of prompt detections in the optical and UV filters (Oates & Cannizzo, GCN 11016), these values are suggestive of a highly extinguished optical/NIR afterglow. The K band upper limit is not constraining even for the steepest SED slopes and consistent with this hypothesis.
GCN Circular #11021
S. Golenetskii, R.Aptekar, D. Frederiks, E. Mazets, V. Pal'shin, P. Oleynik, M. Ulanov, D. Svinkin, and T. Cline on behalf of the Konus-Wind team, report:
The long GRB 100728A (Swift/BAT trigger 430151: Canizzo et.al, GCN 11004) triggered Konus-Wind at T0=8300.008s UT (02:18:20.008)
The burst light curve shows a complex structure with a total duration of ~200 s. There is a hint of a weaker emission lasting at least to T0+290 s. The emission is seen up to several MeV. The Konus-Wind light curve of this GRB is available at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/GRBs/GRB100728_T08300/
As observed by Konus-Wind the burst had a fluence of 1.95(+/-0.35)x10-4 erg/cm2, and a 256-ms peak flux, measured from T0+27.392s, of 4.2(+/-0.7)x10-6 erg/cm2/s (both in the 20 keV - 10 MeV energy range).
The time-integrated spectrum of the burst (measured from T0 to T0+137.216 s) is best fit in the 20 keV - 10 MeV range by the GRB (Band) model, for which: the low-energy photon index alpha = -0.65 (-0.09, +0.09), the high energy photon index beta = -2.5 (-0.3, +0.2), the peak energy Ep = 305(-25, +27)keV (chi2 = 88/84 dof).
The spectrum at the maximum count rate (measured from T0+24.832 to T0+31.488 s) is best fit in the 20 keV - 10 MeV range by the GRB (Band) model, for which: the low-energy photon index alpha = -0.47 (+/-0.15), the high energy photon index beta = -2.6 (-0.3, +0.2), the peak energy Ep = 390(-48, +63)keV (chi2 = 84/84 dof).
All the quoted results are preliminary. All the quoted errors are at the 90% confidence level.
GCN Circular #11037
P. Tsai, Y. Urata, H.M. Lin (NCU), T. Uehara, Y. Hanabata, T. Takahashi, Y. Fukazawa (Hiroshima U.), N. Vasquez (Tokyo Tech.) K. Yamaoka (Aoyama Gakuin U.), S. Sugita (Nagoya U.), Y. Terada, M. Tashiro, W. Iwakiri, K. Takahara, T. Yasuda (Saitama U.), M. Ohno, M. Suzuki, M. Kokubun, T. Takahashi (ISAS/JAXA), Y. E. Nakagawa, T. Tamagawa (RIKEN), N. Ohmori, A. Daikyuji, Y. Nishioka, M. Yamauchi (Univ. of Miyazaki), K. Nakazawa, K. Makishima (Univ. of Tokyo), S. Hong (Nihon U.), on behalf of the Suzaku WAM team, report:
The long GRB 100728A (Fermi/GBM trigger #301976252; von Kienlin et al., GCN #11006; Swift/BAT trigger #430151; Cannizzo et al., GCN 11004) triggered the Suzaku Wide-band All-sky Monitor (WAM) which covers an energy range of 50 keV - 5 MeV at 2010-07-28 02:17:32.68 UT (=T0).
The observed light curve shows a multi-peaked structure starting at T0-5s, ending at T0+198s, with a duration (T90) of about 162 seconds. The fluence in 100 - 1000 keV was 9.09 (-1.55, +0.07) x 10^-5 ergs/cm^2. The 1-s peak flux measured from T0+80s was 4.66 (-0.78, +0.03) photons/cm^2/s in the same energy range.
Preliminary result shows that the time-averaged spectrum from T0-2s to T0+180s is well fitted by a power-law with exponential cutoff model:
```
  dN/dE ~  E^{-alpha} * exp(-(2-alpha)*E/Epeak) with
  alpha       0.76 (+/-0.11), and
  Epeak       378 (-14, +13) keV (chi^2/d.o.f. = 34.4/22).
```
All the quoted errors are at statistical 90% confidence level.
The light curves for this burst are available at:
http://www.astro.isas.jaxa.jp/suzaku/HXD-WAM/WAM-GRB/grb/trig/grb_table.html
GCN Report 294.1
GCN_Report 294.1 has been posted: http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/reports/report_294_1.pdf by J.K. Cannizzo at NASA/UMBC titled: "Final report on Swift Observations of GRB 100728A"
1104.5476 from 29 Apr 11
G. I. Rubtsov et al.: GRB observations by Fermi LAT revisited: new candidates found
We search the Fermi-LAT photon database for an extended gamma-ray emission which could be associated with any of the 581 previously detected gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) visible to the Fermi-LAT. For this purpose we compare the number of photons with energies E > 100 MeV and E > 1 GeV which arrived in the first 1500 seconds after the burst from the same region, to the expected background. We require that the expected number of false detections does not exceed 0.05 for the entire search and find the high-energy emission in 19 bursts, four of which (GRB 081009, GRB 090720B, GRB 100911 and GRB 100728A) were previously unreported. The first three are detected at energies above 100 MeV, while the last one shows a statistically significant signal only above 1 GeV.
1104.5496 from 2 May 11
The Fermi Collaboration et al.: Detection of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission during the X-ray flaring activity in GRB100728A
We present the simultaneous Swift and Fermi observations of the bright GRB100728A and its afterglow. The early X-ray emission is dominated by a vigorous flaring activity continuing until 1 ks after the burst. In the same time interval high energy emission is significantly detected by the Fermi/LAT. Marginal evidence of GeV emission is observed up to later times. We discuss the broadband properties of this burst within both the internal and external shock scenarios, with a particular emphasis on the relation between X-ray flares, the GeV emission and a continued long-duration central engine activity as their power source.
1112.2253 from 13 Dec 11
Hao-Ning He et al.: Origin of the GeV Emission During the X-ray Flaring Activity in GRB 100728A
Recently, Fermi-LAT detected GeV emission during the X-ray flaring activity in GRB 100728A. We study various scenarios for its origin. The hard spectrum of the GeV emission favors the external inverse-Compton origin in which X-ray flare photons are up-scattered by relativistic electrons in the external forward shock. This external IC scenario, with anisotropic scattering effect taken into account, can reproduce the temporal and spectral properties of the GeV emission in GRB 100728A.
1203.0342 from 5 Mar 12
J. Mao et al.: Jitter Self-Compton Process: GeV Emission of GRB 100728A
Jitter radiation, the emission of relativistic electrons in a random and small-scale magnetic field, has been applied to explain the gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission. The seed photons produced from jitter radiation can be scattered by thermal/nonthermal electrons to the high-energy bands. This mechanism is called jitter self-Compton (JSC) radiation. GRB 100728A, which was simultaneously observed by the Swift and Fermi, is a great example to constrain the physical processes of jitter and JSC. In our work, we utilize jitter/JSC radiation to reproduce the multiwavelength spectrum of GRB 100728A. In particular, due to JSC radiation, the powerful emission above the GeV band is the result of those jitter photons in X-ray band scattered by the relativistic electrons with a mixed thermal-nonthermal energy distribution. We also combine the geometric effect of microemitters to the radiation mechanism, such that the "jet-in-jet" scenario is considered. The observed GRB duration is the result of summing up all of the contributions from those microemitters in the bulk jet.
GCN Circular #14500
T. Kruehler (DARK), J. Greiner (MPE) and D. A. Kann (TLS) report:
We performed deep observations of the field of GRB 100728A simultaneously in g'r'i'z'JHK with GROND (Greiner et al. 2008, PASP 120, 405). GRB 100728A triggered Swift (Cannizzo et al., GCN 11004), GBM (von Kienlin, GCN 11006), Konus-Wind (Golenetskii et al., GCN 11021) and Suzaku WAM (Tsai et al., GCN 11037).
Our late observations were performed on 2010-11-10, 105 days after the trigger, and consisted of dithered images with a total of 4427 s exposure in g'r'i'z' and 3600 s in JHK under clear sky conditions and a seeing of 0.8".
Inside the enhanced X-ray error-circle (http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_positions), we detect an extended object with an r'-band AB magnitude of r' = 25.0 +/- 0.2.
Its barycentric coordinates are:
```
RA (J2000) = 05:55:01.98
Dec. (J2000) = -15:15:19.7
```
with uncertainties of 0.3" in each coordinate. Registering the early afterglow images (Olivares et al., GCN 11020) against the late host frame, we derive an offset between galaxy center and afterglow of approximately 0.4".
A spectrum of this galaxy was taken on 2012-11-15 with the ESO VLT UT2 equipped with the X-shooter spectrograph, covering the wavelength range 3000-25000 AA. The seeing was 1.2" and the total exposure of our spectrum was 2400 s. In the VIS and NIR arm, we detect emission lines, which we interpret as being due to [O II](3729) and Halpha at a common redshift of z = 1.567.
The bright X-ray emission (Evans et al., GCN 11014), coupled with the faint and red optical/NIR afterglow (Olivares et al., GCN 11020) is characteristic of dust-extinguished events. Fitting the available afterglow data with synchrotron models, the visual extinction along the GRB sightline is constrained to 1.5 mag < A_V < 3 mag at z = 1.567.
1308.1248 from 7 Aug 13
K. Wang et al.: GeV Emission during X-Ray Flares from Late Internal Shocks: Application to GRB 100728A
Recently, the GeV radiation during the X-ray flare activity in GRB 100728A was detected by Feimi/LAT. Here we study the dynamics and emission properties of collision between two homogeneous shells based on the late internal shock model. The GeV photons can be produced from X-ray flare photons up-scattered by relativistic electrons accelerated by forward-reverse shocks, where involved radiative processes include synchrotron self-Compton and crossing inverse-Compton scattering. By analytical and numerical calculations, the observed spectral properties in GRB 100728A can be well explained.

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Jochen Greiner, last update: 07-Aug-2013 [Disclaimer]