Gamma-ray Burst 190305A

(All information courtesy of the instrument teams.)

Previous IAU Circulars

none

Results of Observations

GCN Circular #23930
A. Ursi (INAF/IAPS), M. Cardillo, C. Casentini (INAF/IAPS), C. Pittori (SSDC, and INAF/OAR), A. Bulgarelli, N. Parmiggiani (INAF/OAS-Bologna), M. Tavani (INAF/IAPS, and Univ. Roma Tor Vergata), A. Argan, M. Cardillo, Y. Evangelista, G. Piano (INAF/IAPS), F. Lucarelli, F. Verrecchia (SSDC, and INAF/OAR), V. Fioretti, F. Fuschino (INAF/OAS-Bologna), M. Marisaldi (INAF/OAS-Bologna, and Bergen University), M. Pilia, A. Trois (INAF/OA-Cagliari), I. Donnarumma (ASI), F. Longo (Univ. Trieste and INFN Trieste), A. Giuliani (INAF/IASF-Mi), report on behalf of the AGILE Team:
The AGILE Mini-CALorimeter (MCAL) detected a burst at T0 = 2019-03-05 13:05:19.34 +/- 0.01 s (UTC).
The event lasted about 1.8 s and released a total number of ~8040 counts in the detector (in the 0.4-100 MeV energy range), above an average background rate of 620 counts / s. The burst is also clearly visible in the scientific ratemeters of the Anti-Coincidence (AC, 50-200 keV), SuperAGILE (SA, 18-60 keV) and MiniCALorimeter (MCAL, 0.4-100 MeV) detectors.
Further analysis is still in progress.
The AGILE-MCAL detector has a full solid angle acceptance, and is operational in the range 0.4 - 100 MeV.

GCN Notice

TITLE:           GCN/MAXI NOTICE
NOTICE_DATE:     Tue 05 Mar 19 15:55:33 UT
NOTICE_TYPE:     MAXI Unknown Source Position
EVENT_ID_NUM:    547447273     
EVENT_RA:         11.38d {+00h 45m 31s} (J2000),
                  11.60d {+00h 46m 24s} (current), 
                  10.80d {+00h 43m 13s} (1950)
EVENT_DEC:       -50.19d {-50d 11' 33"} (J2000),
                 -50.09d {-50d 05' 17"} (current),
                 -50.47d {-50d 27' 57"} (1950)
EVENT_ERROR:     1.0 [deg radius, stat+sys, 90% containment]
EVENT_FLUX:      308.0 +- 0.0 [mCrab] 
EVENT_DATE:      18547 TJD;    64 DOY;   19/03/05
EVENT_TIME:      47263.00 SOD {13:07:43.00} UT
EVENT_TSCALE:    30s
EVENT_EBAND:     Low, 2-4 keV  
SUN_POSTN:       345.99d {+23h 03m 57s}   -5.99d {-05d 59' 31"}
SUN_DIST:         49.04 [deg]
MOON_POSTN:      336.83d {+22h 27m 20s}  -13.02d {-13d 01' 28"}
MOON_DIST:        46.66 [deg]  
MOON_ILLUM:      1 [%]
GAL_COORDS:      305.35,-66.91 [deg] galactic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
ECL_COORDS:      343.18,-49.03 [deg] ecliptic lon,lat of the burst (or transient)
COMMENTS:        MAXI Unknown Source Position. GRB or unknown X-ray Transient.

GCN Circular #23931
P. A. Evans (U. Leicester) reports on behalf of the Swift team:
Swift has initiated a series of observations, tiled on the sky, of the AGILE GRB 190305A. Automated analysis of the XRT data will be presented online at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/TILED_GRB00077
Any uncatalogued X-ray sources detected in this analysis will be reported on this website and via GCN COUNTERPART notices. The probability of finding serendipitous sources, unrelated to the AGILE event is high: any X-ray source considered to be a probable afterglow candidate will be reported via a GCN Circular after manual consideration.
Details of the XRT automated analysis methods are detailed in Evans et al. (2007, A&A, 469, 379; 2009, MNRAS, 397, 1177 and 2014, ApJS, 210, 8).
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
GCN Circular #23933
S. Nakahira (RIKEN), S. Sugita (AGU), W. Iwakiri(Chuo U.), T. Mihara, F. Yatabe, Y. Takao, M. Matsuoka (RIKEN), H. Negoro, M. Nakajima, A. Sakamaki, W. Maruyama, M. Aoki, K. Kobayashi (Nihon U.), T. Sakamoto, M. Serino, T. Hashimoto, A. Yoshida (AGU), N. Kawai, M. Sugizaki, Y. Tachibana, K. Morita (Tokyo Tech), S. Ueno, H. Tomida, M. Ishikawa, Y. Sugawara, N. Isobe, R. Shimomukai, T. Midooka (JAXA), Y. Ueda, A. Tanimoto, T. Morita, S. Yamada, S. Ogawa (Kyoto U.), Y. Tsuboi, W. Iwakiri, R. Sasaki, H. Kawai, T. Sato (Chuo U.), H. Tsunemi, T. Yoneyama, K. Asakura, S. Ide (Osaka U.), M. Yamauchi, K. Hidaka, S. Iwahori (Miyazaki U.), T. Kawamuro (NAOJ), K. Yamaoka (Nagoya U.), M. Shidatsu (Ehime U.), Y. Kawakubo (LSU) report on behalf of the MAXI team: Using the MAXI/GSC count rate monitor data collected at one second intervals, we have detected GRB 190305A reported by AGILE (Ursi et al., GCN23930) and CALET CGBM (Trigger ID 1235826131) with a duration of 1-2 sec. Because this event is considered to be coming from outside of field of view, no localization was given.
Then, about two minutes after the first event, MAXI/GSC nova alert system triggered an uncatalogued X-ray transient source at 2019/03/05 13:07:43 UT. Assuming that the source flux was constant over the transit, we obtain the source position at (R.A., Dec) = (11.326 deg, -50.122 deg) = (00 45 18, -50 07 19) (J2000) with a statistical 90% C.L. elliptical error region with long and short radii of 0.39 deg and 0.34 deg, respectively. The roll angle of long axis from the north direction is 68.0 deg counterclockwise. There is an additional systematic uncertainty of 0.1 deg (90% containment radius). The X-ray flux averaged over the scan was 101 +- 22 mCrab (4.0-10.0keV, 1 sigma error). There was no significant excess flux in the previous transit at UT 11:35 and in the next transit at 14:40 UT with an upper limit of 20 mCrab for each.
The second event is possibly an extended mission of GRB 190305A. However, we cannot distinguish whether these two events are the same origin for now. Further analysis is still in progress.
GCN Circular #23934
S. Xiao, C. K. Li, X. B. Li, G. Li, J. Y. Liao, S. L. Xiong,
C. Z. Liu, X. F. Li, Z. W. Li, Z. Chang, X. F. Lu, A. M. Zhang, Y. F. Zhang, C. L. Zou (IHEP), Y. J. Jin, Z. Zhang (THU), T. P. Li (IHEP/THU), F. J. Lu, L. M. Song, M. Wu, Y. P. Xu, S. N. Zhang (IHEP), report on behalf of the Insight-HXMT team:
At 2019-03-05T13:05:19.000 (T0), the Insight-HXMT/HE detected GRB 190305A (trigger ID: HEB190305545) in a routine search of the data, which was also triggered by AGILE/MCAL (Ursi et al., GCN23930), CALET/CGBM and MAXI/GSC (Nakahira et al., GCN23933).
The Insight-HXMT/HE light curve mainly consists of multiple pulses with a duration (T90) of 1.35 s measured from T0+0.45 s. The 1-s peak rate, measured from T0+1.51 s, is 22 cnts/ms. The total counts from this burst is 23194 counts. URL_LC: http://www.hxmt.org/images/GRB/HEB190305545_lc.jpg
This light curve has not been corrected for the data loss, which was caused by the extreme brightness of this burst.
All measurements above are made with the CsI detectors operating in the regular mode with the energy range of about 80-800 keV (record energy). Only gamma-rays with energy greater than about 200 keV can penetrate the spacecraft and leave signals in the CsI detectors installed inside of the telescope.
Insight-HXMT is the first Chinese space X-ray telescope, which was funded jointly by the China National Space Administration (CNSA) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). More information could be found at: http://www.hxmt.org.

GCN Circular #23935
A. D'Ai (INAF-IASFPA), A. Melandri (INAF-OAB), J.A. Kennea (PSU), B. Sbarufatti (INAF-OAB/PSU), D.N. Burrows (PSU), A.P. Beardmore (U. Leicester), J.P. Osborne (U. Leicester), P. D'Avanzo (INAF-OAB) and P.A. Evans (U. Leicester) report on behalf of the Swift-XRT team:
Swift-XRT has performed follow-up observations of the AGILE and MAXI detected burst GRB 190305A (Ursi et al. GCN Circ. 23930, Nakahira et al. GCN Circ.23933) in a series of observations tiled on the sky. The total exposure time is 4.4 ks, distributed over 7 tiles; the maximum exposure at a single sky location was 1.4 ks. The data were collected between T0+31.9 ks and T0+43.5 ks, and are entirely in Photon Counting (PC) mode.
Six uncatalogued X-ray sources have been detected. Source 1 is significantly brighter than the other candidates and it is marginally above the RASS limit, although, at the moment, we cannot assess if it is fading.
Details of these sources are given below:
Source 1:

 
  RA (J2000.0):  11.62657  =  00:46:30.38
  Dec (J2000.0): -50.34865  =  -50:20:55.1
  Error: 2.5 arcsec (radius, 90% conf. [Enhanced position])
  Count-rate: 0.100 +/- 0.014 ct s^-1	
  Distance: 1069 arcsec from MAXI position.
  Flux: (4.79 +/- 0.67)e-12 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (observed, 0.3-10 keV)

Source 2:

 
  RA (J2000.0):  10.5180  =  00:42:4.32
  Dec (J2000.0): -50.1058  =  -50:06:20.9
  Error: 6.9 arcsec (radius, 90% conf.)
  Count-rate: 0.0109 [+0.0066, -0.0047] ct s^-1   
  Distance: 1875 arcsec from MAXI position.

Source 3:

 
  RA (J2000.0):  11.5149  =  00:46:3.57
  Dec (J2000.0): -49.9843  =  -49:59:03.4
  Error: 6.5 arcsec (radius, 90% conf.)
  Count-rate: 0.0172 [+0.0055, -0.0045] ct s^-1   
  Distance: 649 arcsec from MAXI position.
  Flux: (1.07 [+0.34, -0.28])e-12 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (observed, 0.3-10 keV)

Source 4:

 
  RA (J2000.0):  10.8580  =  00:43:25.92
  Dec (J2000.0): -50.1848  =  -50:11:05.2
  Error: 7.7 arcsec (radius, 90% conf.)
  Count-rate: 0.0208 [+0.0085, -0.0067] ct s^-1   
  Distance: 1113 arcsec from MAXI position.
  Flux: (7.6 [+3.1, -2.5])e-12 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (observed, 0.3-10 keV)

Source 5:

 
  RA (J2000.0):  11.1918  =  00:44:46.04
  Dec (J2000.0): -49.9995  =  -49:59:58.1
  Error: 9.8 arcsec (radius, 90% conf.)
  Count-rate: (5.5 [+4.0, -2.7])e-3 ct s^-1   
  Distance: 538 arcsec from MAXI position.

Source 6:

  RA (J2000.0):  10.7329  =  00:42:55.89
  Dec (J2000.0): -49.9464  =  -49:56:47.0
  Error: 12.4 arcsec (radius, 90% conf.)
  Count-rate: (9.5 [+5.8, -4.2])e-3 ct s^-1   
  Distance: 1515 arcsec from MAXI position.

The results of the XRT-team automatic analysis of the tiled XRT observations, including a position-specific upper limit calculator, are available at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/TILED_GRB00077.
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.

GCN Circular #23936
D. Svinkin, S. Golenetskii, R. Aptekar, D. Frederiks, A. Kozlova, and T. Cline on behalf of the Konus-Wind team,
K. Hurley, on behalf of the IPN,
S. Barthelmy, J. Cummings, H. Krimm, and D. Palmer, on behalf of the Swift-BAT team, and
A. von Kienlin, X. Zhang, A. Rau, V. Savchenko, E. Bozzo, and C. Ferrigno, on behalf of the INTEGRAL SPI-ACS GRB team, report:
The very bright, long-duration GRB 190305A was detected by AGILE (MCAL; Ursi et al., GCN Circ. 23930), MAXI (GSC; Nakahira et al., GCN Circ. 23933), CALET (GBM trigger 1235826131), Konus-Wind, INTEGRAL (SPI-ACS), Swift (BAT), and Insight (HXMT/HE; Xiao et al., GCN Circ. 23934) at about 47118 s UT (13:05:18). The burst was outside the coded field of view of the BAT.
We have triangulated this GRB to a Konus-INTEGRAL annulus centered at RA(2000)=340.399 deg (22h 41m 36s) Dec(2000)=-10.588 deg (-10d 35' 17"), whose radius is 47.461 +/- 0.110 deg (3 sigma), and to a Konus-BAT annulus centered at RA(2000)=337.304 deg (22h 29m 13s) Dec(2000)=-7.381 deg (-7d 22' 51"), whose radius is 51.552 +/- 0.132 deg (3 sigma).
The position of the XRT source #1 (D'Ai et al., GCN Circ. 23935) lies 0.019 deg from the center line of the Konus-BAT annulus and 0.136 deg from the center line of the Konus-INTEGRAL annulus, supporting the conclusion that this source is the GRB counterpart.
This localization may be improved.
A triangulation map is posted at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/GRBs/GRB190305_T47118/IPN/
The Konus-Wind time history and spectrum will be given in a forthcoming GCN Circular.
GCN Circular #23939
A. Kozlova, S. Golenetskii, R. Aptekar, D. Frederiks, M. Ulanov, D. Svinkin, A. Tsvetkova, A. Lysenko, and T. Cline on behalf of the Konus-Wind team, report:
The long-duration GRB 190305A (AGILE/MCAL detection: Ursi et al., GCN Circ. 23930; MAXI/GSC detection: Nakahira et al., GCN Circ. 23933; Insight-HXMT/HE detection: Xiao et al., GCN Circ. 23934; IPN Triangulation: Svinkin et al., GCN Circ. 23936) triggered Konus-Wind at T0=47115.9 s UT (13:05:15.900).
The burst light curve shows a single pulse started at ~T0-0.1 s with a total duration of ~11 s. The emission is seen up to ~10 MeV.
As observed by Konus-Wind, the burst had a fluence of 1.47(-0.04,+0.04)x10^-4 erg/cm2, and a 64-ms peak flux, measured from T0+1.024 s, of 2.00(-0.08,+0.08)x10^-4 erg/cm2/s (both in the 20 keV - 10 MeV energy range).
The time-averaged spectrum of the burst (measured from T0 to T0+2.560 s) is best fit in the 20 keV - 10 MeV range by the GRB (Band) model with the following parameters: the low-energy photon index alpha = -0.44(-0.04,+0.05), the high energy photon index beta = -2.82(-0.11,+0.10), the peak energy Ep = 387(-15,+16) keV (chi2 = 130/74 dof).
The spectrum near the maximum count rate (measured from T0+0.768 to T0+1.280 s) is best fit in the 20 keV - 10 MeV range by the GRB (Band) model with the following parameters: the low-energy photon index alpha = -0.15(-0.07,+0.07), the high energy photon index beta = -2.96(-0.15,+0.12), the peak energy Ep = 422(-20,+20) keV (chi2 = 87/59 dof).
The Konus-Wind light curve of this GRB is available at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/GRBs/GRB190305_T47118/
All the quoted errors are at the 90% confidence level. All the quoted values are preliminary.
GCN Circular #23944
H. Morita, A. Yoshida, T. Sakamoto, V. Pal'shin, S. Sugita (AGU), Y. Kawakubo (LSU), A. Tezuka, S. Matsukawa, H. Onozawa, T. Ito, Y. Sone (AGU), K. Yamaoka (Nagoya U), S. Nakahira (RIKEN), I. Takahashi (IPMU), Y. Asaoka, S. Ozawa, S. Torii (Waseda U), Y. Shimizu, T. Tamura (Kanagawa U), W. Ishizaki (ICRR), M. L. Cherry (LSU), S. Ricciarini (U of Florence), A. V. Penacchioni, P. S. Marrocchesi (U of Siena), and the CALET collaboration:
The bright GRB 190305A (AGILE/MCAL detection: Ursi et al., GCN Circ.23930; MAXI/GSC detection: Nakahira et al., GCN Circ. 23933; Insight-HXMT/HE detection: Xiao et al., GCN Circ. 23934; IPN Triangulation: Svinkin et al., GCN Circ. 23936; Konus-Wind observation: Kozlova et al., GCN Circ. 23939) triggered the CALET Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (CGBM) at 13:05:18.648 UTC on 5 March 2019. The burst signal was seen by all CGBM detectors.
The burst light curve shows a single pulse which starts at T=0.6 sec, peaks at 1.6 sec and ends at T+3.7 sec. The T90 and T50 durations measured by the SGM data are 1.4 +- 0.1 sec and 0.5 +- 0.1 sec (40-1000 keV), respectively. The ground processed light curve is available at
http://cgbm.calet.jp/cgbm_trigger/ground/1235826131/
The CALET data used in this analysis are provided by the Waseda CALET Operation Center located at the Waseda University.
GCN Circular #23945
A. D'Ai (INAF-IASFPA), A. Melandri (INAF-OAB), J.A. Kennea (PSU), B. Sbarufatti (INAF-OAB/PSU), D.N. Burrows (PSU), A.P. Beardmore (U. Leicester), J.P. Osborne (U. Leicester), P. D'Avanzo (INAF-OAB) and P.A. Evans (U. Leicester) report on behalf of the Swift-XRT team:
Swift-XRT has conducted further observations of the field of the AGILE and MAXI detected burst GRB 190305A (Ursi et al. GCN Circ. 23930, Nakahira et al. GCN Circ.23933). The observations now extend from T0+32.7 ks to T0+143 ks.
Of the sources reported by D'Ai et al. (GCN Circ. 23935), "Source 1" is fading with 3-sigma significance, and is therefore likely the GRB afterglow. Using 668 s of PC mode data and 2 UVOT images, we find an enhanced XRT position (using the XRT-UVOT alignment and matching UVOT field sources to the USNO-B1 catalogue): RA, Dec = 11.62657, -50.34865 which is equivalent to:
```
RA (J2000): 00h 46m 30.38s
Dec(J2000): -50d 20' 55.1"
```
with an uncertainty of 2.5 arcsec (radius, 90% confidence). This position is 17.8 arcmin from the MAXI position.
A spectrum formed from the PC mode data can be fitted with an absorbed power-law with a photon spectral index of 1.6 (+0.7, -0.6). The best-fitting absorption column is 3.7 (+4.3, -2.9) x 10^21 cm^-2, in excess of the Galactic value of 2.3 x 10^20 cm^-2 (Willingale et al. 2013). The counts to observed (unabsorbed) 0.3-10 keV flux conversion factor deduced from this spectrum is 5.1 x 10^-11 (6.5 x 10^-11) erg cm^-2 count^-1.
A summary of the PC-mode spectrum is thus:
```
Total column:	     3.7 (+4.3, -2.9) x 10^21 cm^-2
Galactic foreground: 2.3 x 10^20 cm^-2
Excess significance: 2.0 sigma
Photon index:	     1.6 (+0.7, -0.6)
```
The results of the XRT-team automatic analysis are available at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/00020869. The results of the full analysis of the tiled XRT observations are available at http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_products/TILED_GRB00077.
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
GCN Circular #23960
V. Lipunov, E. Gorbovskoy, N.Tyurina, V.Kornilov, D.Vlasenko, V.Vladimirov, D.Zimnukhov, A.Kuznetsov, P.Balanutsa, A. Chasovnikov, V.Topolev, D.Kuvshinov (Lomonosov Moscow State University, SAI, Physics Department),
O. Gress, N.M. Budnev, O.Ershova, Yu.Ishmuhametova, S.Yazev (Applied Physics Institute, Irkutsk State University),
V. Yurkov, A. Gabovich, Yu. Sergienko, D. Kobcev (Blagoveschensk Educational State University),
R. Rebolo, M. Serra, N. Lodieu, G. Israelian, L. Suarez-Andres (The Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias),
D. Buckley (South African Astronomical Observatory),
A. Tlatov, V.Senik, A.V. Parhomenko, D. Dormidontov (Kislovodsk Solar Station of the Pulkovo Observatory),
R. Podesta, C. Lopez, C.Francile, F. Podesta (Observatorio Astronomico Felix Aguilar OAFA),
H.Levato (Instituto de Ciencias Astronomicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio ICATE)
MASTER Global Robotic Net (http://observ.pereplet.ru, Lipunov et al., 2010, Advances in Astronomy, v. 2010, 30L) automatically pointed to MAXI GRB 190305A error box (00 45 17 dec=-50 07 18, r=1) (Nakahira et al. GCN 23933), also detected by Ursi A. et al. GCN 23930,Xiao et al. GCN 23934, Svinkin et al. 23936, Kozlova et al. GCN 23939, Morita et al. GCN 23944 https://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/other/190305A.gcn3 ).
MASTER-SAAO (located in South African Astronomical Observatory) automatically started GRB 190305A observations 7776 sec after notice time (18080 sec after trigger time) at 2019-03-05 18:09:03 UT with unfiltered magnitude limit 19.6 (5 sigma).
Observations started when Object_Altitude was 27.3 deg. Sun_Altitude: -13.7 deg. Moon_Altitude: -35.3, Dist. to Moon: 46.37deg.
MASTER-OAFA robotic telescope (located in Argentina , OAFA observatory of San Juan National University) was pointed to the MAXI GRB190305.55 1 day 38560 sec after trigger time at 2019-03-06 23:50:23 UT, with unfiltered magnitude limit 17.5 mag.
Observations started at twilight: Object_Altitude: 29.15deg. Sun_Altitude: -10.7 deg.
The cover map is available at http://master.sai.msu.ru/static/GRB190305A/MASTERGRB190305A.jpg
We analysed Swift-XRT afterglow position (D'Ai et al. GCN 23945) RA,Dec(2000)=00h 46m 30.38s -50d 20' 55.1".
There is no OT during MASTER alert observations, but there is optical source in MASTER database on 2018-08-08 22:01:51UT with m_OT=20.1(mlim=20.3).
There is GALEX source in 1.836" , there is also a source in USNO-B1 in 0.982" with B2=18.08, R2=20.3 in 1984.6y.
The observation and reduction will be continued. The message may be cited.

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Jochen Greiner, last update: 12-Mar-2019 [Disclaimer]